Glencoe World History: Modern Times

Chapter 22: Latin America, 1945–Present

Latin America, 1945-Present

1
As a result of the Great Depression, Latin American countries wanted to industrialize primarily __________
A)so they could show their independence.
B)to pay off their foreign debts.
C)because they could not sell their raw materials abroad.
D)because they could not afford imported manufactured goods.

2
Which is NOT a reason why Latin American countries still experienced economic problems in the 1960s?
A)the democratization of many Latin American countries
B)the dependence on industrialized nations for technology
C)a failure to find markets abroad for their manufactured goods
D)continuing economic dependence on developed countries

3
While many Latin American nations built democratic systems in the late 1980s, __________ in Peru reversed course in the early 1990s.
A)Fidel Castro
B)José Duarte
C)Alberto Fujimori
D)Manuel Noriega

4
The foremost example of magic realism is a novel by Colombian novelist __________
A)Gabriel García Márquez.
B)Gabriela Mistral.
C)Oscar Niemeyer.
D)Juan Perón.

5
When world oil prices dropped in the mid-1980s, the resulting foreign debt crisis and rising unemployment led to the defeat of the Institutional Revolutionary Party, or PRI, in __________
A)Nicaragua.
B)Panama.
C)Mexico.
D)El Salvador.

6
Revolutionaries under the leadership of __________ took control of Cuba in 1959.
A)Fulgencio Batista
B)Fidel Castro
C)Vicente Fox
D)Ernesto Ché Guevara

7
Fearing the spread of communism in Central America in the 1980s, the United States became involved in a civil war in __________ between Marxist-led leftist guerrillas and right-wing groups.
A)El Salvador
B)Mexico
C)Cuba
D)Panama

8
Nicaragua experienced __________ immediately after the fall of the Somozas.
A)an invasion by the United States
B)the first free elections in 42 years
C)a war between Marxists and American-backed rebels
D)political and economic assistance by the United States

9
The descamisados, who supported Juan Perón in Argentina, were __________
A)urban workers.
B)fascist gangs.
C)Marxists.
D)peasants.

10
In Chile, Salvador Allende’s opponents included __________
A)peasants.
B)workers.
C)the United States government.
D)all of the above.

11
In Peru, president Alberto Fujimori did NOT __________
A)suspend the constitution.
B)continue democratic rule.
C)become a dictator.
D)lead a campaign against Shining Path guerrillas.

12
While most Latin American countries only recently have seen the rise of democracy, __________ has long had a democratic political system.
A)Argentina
B)Chile
C)Peru
D)Colombia
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