Physical Science

Chapter 22: Solutions

Solutions

1.
A __________ is a large molecule made of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
A)hydrocarbon
B)solute
C)hydrogen oxide
D)solvent
2.
Adding a solute to a solvent __________ the freezing point of the solvent.
A)lowers
B)raises
C)does not change
D)doubles
3.
Air contains 78 percent nitrogen, 21 percent oxygen, and one percent argon. Which gas is the solvent?
A)argon
B)none of the answers are correct
C)nitrogen
D)oxygen
4.
What characteristic of water makes it the universal solvent?
A)nonpolar
B)large molecules
C)long-chain hydrocarbon
D)polar
5.
Why is it dangerous to take large doses of some nonpolar vitamins?
A)They are water soluble and become concentrated in body tissues.
B)These substances cannot be utilized by the body.
C)They are fat soluble and accumulate in body tissues.
D)They cannot dissolve in fat and instead dissolve in the water inside body cells.
6.
Gases are __________ in cooler solvents.
A)insoluble
B)less soluble
C)more soluble
D)precipitates
7.
Which attribute enables water molecules to dissolve sugar?
A)nonpolarity of water
B)liquid state of the solute
C)stationary nature of water molecules
D)electrical charge
8.
Sterling silver contains 92.5 percent silver and 7.5 percent copper. Which substance is the solute?
A)Solids do not form solutions.
B)platinum
C)silver
D)copper
9.
Because electrons are distributed equally, a hydrocarbon is __________ .
A)insoluble
B)nonpolar
C)polar
D)nontoxic
10.
Vitamin C is a(n) __________ compound and dissolves readily in water.
A)polar
B)oily
C)nonpolar
D)fat soluble
11.
Which of the following statements is true?
A)Nonpolar solvents are useful for dissolving polar solutes.
B)Polar solvents are useful for dissolving nonpolar solutes.
C)Nonpolar solvents are not useful because they do not form solutions with water.
D)Nonpolar solvents are useful for dissolving nonpolar solutes.
12.
Which of the following is the most precise term?
A)supersweet
B)dilute
C)40 percent juice by volume
D)concentrated
13.
Which of the following increases rate of evaporation?
A)decreasing surrounding temperature
B)increasing attraction between solvent molecules
C)combining polar solvents with polar solutes
D)decreasing attraction between solvent molecules
14.
The process in which water molecules draw ions away from a crystalline solid and into solution is ___________.
A)supersaturation
B)nonpolarization
C)concentration
D)dissociation
15.
Which of the following actions increases the rate of dissolving?
A)stirring the solution
B)decreasing the pressure
C)using larger-sized crystals
D)decreasing the temperature
16.
A mixture that appears to have the same composition, color, and density and is mixed at the molecular level is called a(n) __________ .
A)element
B)suspension
C)solution
D)heterogeneous mixture
17.
__________ is the maximum amount of a solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature.
A)Polarity
B)Concentration
C)Supersaturation
D)Solubility
18.
A solution that contains all the solute it can hold at a given temperature is __________ .
A)unsaturated
B)supersaturated
C)soluble
D)saturated
19.
__________ are compounds that form charged particles.
A)Nonpolar components
B)Ions
C)Electrolytes
D)Nonelectrolytes
20.
Which of the following is a solution?
A)muddy water
B)chlorine
C)milk
D)salt water
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