Mader's Understanding Human Anatomy & Physiology (Longenbaker), 8th Edition

Chapter 9: The Sensory System

Multiple Choice Quiz

1
What type of sensory receptors will respond to changes in pressure or movement?
A)mechanoreceptors
B)thermoreceptors
C)chemoreceptors
D)photoreceptors
2
What type of sensory receptor will respond to changes in pH, oxygen, or carbon dioxide concentrations?
A)mechanoreceptors
B)thermoreceptors
C)chemoreceptors.
D)photoreceptors
3
Mechanoreceptors that help maintain muscle tone, body equilibrium, and posture are:
A)nociceptors
B)cutaneous receptors
C)proprioceptors
D)free nerve endings
4
Muscle spindles signal motor neurons to ______ the degree of muscle contraction and Golgi tendon organs signal motor neurons to ______ the degree of muscle contraction.
A)decrease: decrease
B)decrease; increase
C)increase: increase
D)increase: decrease
5
Nerve signals from the general sense receptors travel up the spinal cord to the sensory relay center, the ______.
A)cerebellum.
B)basal nuclei.
C)hypothalamus.
D)thalamus.
6
Which of the following cutaneous receptors are NOT sensitive to fine touch?
A)Meissner corpuscles
B)Merkel's disks
C)Ruffini endings
D)free nerve endings
7
Which of the following cutaneous receptors are NOT sensitive to pressure?
A)Krause end bulbs
B)Pacinian corpuscles
C)Ruffini endings
D)Merkel's disks
8
Cutaneous receptors for temperature are ______.
A)Krause end bulbs.
B)Meissner corpuscles.
C)free nerve endings.
D)Pacinian corpuscles.
9
Referred pain occurs from stimulation of visceral _______ receptors and is felt as pain from the skin as well as the internal organs.
A)Krause end bulbs
B)rods
C)nociceptors
D)dermal
10
Chemical senses include _______.
A)smell.
B)receptors for pH.
C)taste.
D)All of the above are chemical senses.
11
The gustatory sense is the sense of ______ and the olfactory sense is the sense of ______.
A)hearing: taste
B)taste: hearing
C)smell: taste
D)taste: smell
12
The cerebral cortex interprets a combined effect of the sense of taste and the sense of _____.
A)balance
B)hearing
C)smell
D)vision
13
The tip of the tongue is more sensitive to _________.
A)salt
B)bitter
C)sour
D)sweet
14
The taste area of the cerebrum is located in the _____.
A)insula.
B)temporal lobe.
C)frontal lobe.
D)parietal lobe.
15
The olfactory cortex is located in the _____.
A)insula.
B)temporal lobe.
C)frontal lobe.
D)parietal lobe.
16
The inner surface of the eyelid and much of the anterior surface of the eye is lined by the:
A)cornea
B)conjunctiva
C)orbicularis oculi
D)sclera
17
The lacrimal apparatus functions in
A)tear production.
B)focusing.
C)equilibrium.
D)chemoreception.
18
Identify the extrinsic eye muscles that would allow one to look downward and medially at the tip of the nose.
A)Inferior and lateral rectus muscles
B)Inferior and medial rectus muscles
C)Superior and lateral rectus muscles
D)Superior and medial rectus muscles
19
Which of the following is NOT an extrinsic eye muscle?
A)iris
B)inferior rectus
C)superior oblique
D)lateral rectus
20
Identify the three cranial nerves that control the extrinsic eye muscles.
A)optic, oculomotor and abducens
B)optic, oculomotor and trochlear
C)oculomotor, trochlear and abducens
D)trochlear, abducens and vagus
21
Identify the cranial nerve that controls the majority of the extrinsic muscles of the eye.
A)optic
B)oculomotor
C)trochlear
D)abducens
22
Identify the layer of the eye that is tough, white connective tissue?
A)choroid
B)sclera
C)retina
D)cornea
23
Identify the layer of the eye that serves to absorb stray light rays.
A)cornea
B)choroid
C)vitreous humor
D)fovea centralis
24
Identify the layer of the eye that contains the visual receptors
A)choroid
B)sclera
C)retina
D)optic nerve
25
Identify the three layers of eye in order of most superficial to deepest.
A)Chorid, retina and sclera
B)Chorid, sclera and retina
C)Sclera, chorid and retina
D)Sclera, retina and chorid
26
Identify the structure of the eye that regulates the entrance of light into the eye.
A)cornea
B)iris
C)sclera
D)ciliary body
27
Identify the structure of the eye that controls the shape of the lens for near and far vision.
A)iris
B)ciliary muscle
C)choroid
D)ciliary body
28
The anterior compartment of the eye contains a clear, watery fluid called the _____.
A)vitreous humor.
B)aqueous humor.
C)good humor.
D)optic humor.
29
The posterior compartment of the eye contains a clear, gelatinous substance called the _____.
A)vitreous humor.
B)aqueous humor.
C)good humor.
D)optic humor.
30
Which of the following is NOT located on the retina?
A)fovea centralis
B)ciliary body
C)blind spot
D)rods and cones
31
The area of the retina that is highly concentrated with cones is the _____.
A)ciliary body.
B)ganglion neurons.
C)blind spot.
D)fovea centralis.
32
Identify the photoreceptors that provide for peripheral vision.
A)rods
B)cones
33
Which of the following is NOT involved in the refraction of light passing through the eye?
A)cornea
B)aqueous humor
C)retina
D)lens
34
Identify the correct order of structures involved in refraction of light rays through the eye.
A)lens, cornea, aqueous humor, vitreous humor
B)cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor
C)aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor, cornea
D)cornea, vitreous humor, lens, aqueous humor
35
When viewing a distant scene, the ciliary muscle ______, causing the suspensory ligaments to _____ and the lens becomes ______.
A)contracts, become taut, flattened
B)contracts, relax, rounded
C)relaxes, relax, rounded
D)relaxes, become taut, flattened
36
When viewing a close object such as the computer screen, the ciliary muscle _____, thus the suspensory ligaments _____ and the lens becomes ______.
A)contracts, become taut, flattened
B)contracts, relax, rounded
C)relaxed, relax, rounded
D)relaxes, become taut, flattened
37
Explain why close work causes muscle fatigue known as eyestrain. Close work requires:
A)contraction of the ciliary muscles
B)contraction of the extrinsic muscles of the eye
C)dilation of the pupil
D)constriction of the pupil
38
A person who can see the computer screen clearly but not the scoreboard at a ballgame has
A)hyperopia.
B)myopia.
C)presbyopia.
D)astigmatism.
39
Myopia is caused by a(an) ______.
A)elongated eyeball.
B)shortened eyeball.
C)uneven cornea.
D)uneven lens.
40
Once light hits the retina, identify the structures that transmit impulses. Begin with the cells that are sensitive to light.
A)photoreceptors-ganglion cells-bipolar cells-optic nerve
B)photoreceptors-bipolar cells-ganglion cells-optic nerve
C)optic nerve-photoreceptors-ganglion cells-bipolar cells
D)bipolar cells- ganglion cells-optic nerve-photoreceptors
41
The corrective lenses for myopia are _____.
A)convex.
B)unevenly ground.
C)concave.
D)not available.
42
If you can see the scoreboard at a ballgame, but can NOT see the computer screen well, you have
A)hyperopia.
B)myopia.
C)presbyopia.
D)astigmatism.
43
Hyperopia is cause by a(an) _____.
A)elongated eyeball.
B)shortened eyeball.
C)uneven cornea.
D)uneven lens.
44
The corrective lenses for hyperopia are ____.
A)convex.
B)unevenly ground.
C)concave.
D)not available.
45
When objects are blurred due to a "football-shaped" cornea or an uneven lens, the person has _____.
A)hyperopia.
B)myopia.
C)presbyopia.
D)astigmatism.
46
The loss of lens elasticity with age is called ____.
A)hyperopia.
B)myopia.
C)glaucoma.
D)presbyopia.
47
The condition of the eye that results in death of retinal cells due to a build up of aqueous humor is:
A)cataracts
B)glaucoma
C)hyperopia
D)macular degeneration
48
The condition of the eye that results when the lens becomes clouded is called:
A)cataracts
B)glaucoma
C)hyperopia
D)macular degeneration
49
The visual pigment that is derived from vitamin A is found in _______.
A)rods.
B)cones.
50
Which of the following is the correct sequence of structures of the visual pathway to the visual cortex?
A)optic nerves, optic tracts, optic chiasma, optic radiations, thalamus, visual cortex
B)optic nerves, optic chiasma, optic tracts, thalamus, optic radiations, visual cortex.
C)optic nerves, thalamus, optic chiasma, optic tracts, optic radiations, visual cortex
D)optic chiasma, optic nerves, optic tracts, thalamus, optic radiations, visual cortex
51
The primary visual cortex is located in the _____ of the cerebrum.
A)parietal lobe
B)insula
C)occipital lobe
D)temporal lobe
52
Identify the structures within the outer ear.
A)Pinna and external auditory canal.
B)Pinna, external auditory canal and tympanic membrane.
C)External auditory canal and tympanic membrane.
D)External auditory canal, tympanic membrane and auditory ossicles.
53
Identify the three areas of the inner ear.
A)Malleus, incus and stapes
B)Semi-circular canals, vestibule and cochlea
C)Tympanic membrane, auditory ossicles and auditory tube
D)Vestibule, cochlea and auditory tube
54
Identify the region(s) of the inner ear concerned with equilibrium.
A)Cochlea
B)Cochlea and vestibule
C)Semicircular canals
D)Semicircular canals and vesitbule
55
Identify the region(s) of the inner ear concerned with hearing.
A)Cochlea
B)Cochlea and vestibule
C)Semicircular canals
D)Semicircular canals and vesitbule
56
In which part of the ear would you find the opening to the auditory tube?
A)external ear
B)middle ear
C)inner ear
57
Identify the pathway of sound waves through the middle ear.
A)oval window, tympanic membrane, stapes, incus, malleus
B)round window, tympanic membrane, incus, stapes, malleus
C)tympanic membrane, malleus, incus, stapes, round window
D)tympanic membrane, malleus, incus, stapes, oval window
58
Which of the following is NOT an opening into the middle ear?
A)round window
B)auditory canal
C)oval window
D)auditory (eustachian) tube
59
Identify the ossicle that connects to the oval window.
A)incus
B)malleus
C)stapes
60
The auditory tube functions to
A)transmit sound waves.
B)transmit vibrations.
C)equalize air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane.
D)protect the vestibulocochlear nerve.
61
Which of the following is NOT an area of the inner ear?
A)cochlea
B)auditory tube.
C)vestibule
D)semicircular canals
62
Where is the organ of Corti located?
A)vestibule
B)saccule
C)ampulla
D)cochlea
63
Identify the three auditory ossicles.
A)ampulla, stapes, malleus
B)ampulla, incus, stapes
C)malleus, incus, stapes
D)malleus, cochlea, ampulla
64
The purpose of the ossicles is to _____.
A)pass the sound waves to the inner ear.
B)correct for the position of the head.
C)amplify the sound waves.
D)Both A (ampersand) C are purposes of the ossicles.
65
Trace the pathway of sound from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear structure for hearing.
A)malleus, incus, stapes, oval window, fluid of vestibular canal, organ of Corti
B)stapes, incus, malleus, round window, fluid of vestibular canal, organ of Corti
C)incus, malleus, stapes, fluid of vestibular canal, organ of Corti, oval window
D)oval window, stapes, incus, malleus, fluid of vestibular canal, organ of Corti
66
Which of the following is NOT related to rotational and angular equilibrium?
A)stereocilia
B)semicircular canals
C)ampullae
D)A, B, and C are all related to rotational and angular equilibrium.
67
Which of the following is NOT involved with the body's sense of equilibrium?
A)vision
B)utricle and saccule
C)organ of Corti
D)ampulla
68
Otoliths are found in the ____.
A)organ of Corti.
B)middle ear.
C)ampulla.
D)utricle and saccule.
69
A clouding of the lens of the eye is known as ___.
A)astigmatism.
B)glaucoma.
C)cataracts.
D)presbyopia.
70
Increased pressure from the aqueous humor in the anterior compartment of the eye is known as _____.
A)astigmatism.
B)glaucoma.
C)cataracts.
D)presbyopia.
71
Which of the following is NOT an age related change of the eyes?
A)glaucoma.
B)macular degeneration.
C)cararacts.
D)presbycusis.
72
What is the most common cause of conduction deafness in adults?
A)presbycusis
B)stereocilia have worn away
C)otosclerosis causing the stapes to adhere to the oval window
D)impacted earwax
73
Sensorineural deafness can be due to _____.
A)mechanical blockage of sound waves.
B)cancerous tumor of the middle ear.
C)otosclerosis of the ossicles.
D)worn away stereocilia of the organ of Corti.
Maders Understanding Human Anatomy & Physiology
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