27. Prophets of a Scientific Civilization: Bacon and Descartes

1. Science before the Seventeenth Century

2. Bacon and Descartes
• [Primary Source New Atlantis]

28. The Road to Newton: The Law of Universal Gravitation

1. Scientific Advances
• [Primary Source William Harvey, On the Movement of the Heart and Blood]
• [Image John Napier]

2. The Scientific Revolution: Copernicus to Galileo
• [Primary Source Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies, 1543]
• [Primary Source The Crime of Galileo,]

3. The Achievement of Newton: The Promise of Science
• [Primary Source Isaac Newton, Mathematical Principles, 1687]
• [Primary Source Letters patent establishing the French Academy, 1635]
• [Image Artillery]
• [Image Robert Boyle]

4. The Scientific Revolution and the World of Thought

29. New Knowledge of Human Beings and Society

1. Current of Skepticism

2. The New Sense of Evidence
• [Primary Source Samuel Willard, A briefe account]

3. History and Historical Scholarship

4. The Questioning of Traditional Beliefs Richard Simon, Critical History of the Old Testament
• [Primary Source John Locke, Letter on Toleration]

30. Political Theory: The School of Natural Law

• [Primary Source Niccolo Machiavelli, The Prince]

1. Natural Right and Natural Law

2. Hobbes and Locke
• [Primary Source Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan, full text]
• [Primary Source John Locke, Two Treatises of Government]
• [Primary Source Bill of Rights, 1689]