115. The Crisis in the Soviet Union

• [Image Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn]
• [Image Azerbaijani refugees from conflict over Karabakh]

1. Gorbachev and the West
• [Image Soviet troops leaving Afghanistan]
• [Image Reagan in Moscow, 1988]

116. The Collapse of Communism in Central and Eastern Europe

1. Poland: The Solidarity Movement
• [Image Solidarity poster, 1980]
• [Image General JaruzelskI]
• [Image Martial law imposed]
• [Image John Paul II]

2. Hungary: Reform into Revolution

3. The German Democratic Republic: Revolution and Reunification
• [Image Erich Honnecker]
• [Image Anti-government demonstrators, East Berlin, November 1989]
• [Image Leipzig demonstrators, 1989]
• [Image Helmut Kohl]
• [Image The German Question]
• [Image October 3, 1990, GDR merges with Federal Republic of Germany]

4. Czechoslovakia: '89 is '68 Upside Down"

5. Bulgaria's Palace Revolution, Bloodshed in Romania
• [Image Nicolae Ceausescu]
• [Image Protestors in Bucharest]

6. The Revolutions of 1989 in Central and Eastern Europe

117. The Collapse of the Soviet Union

• [Map Collapse of the Soviet Union]

1. The "Creeping Coup d'Etat"

2. The Failed August Coup
• [Map Commonwealth of Independent States]

118. After Communism

• [Map Europe in 1995]

1. Russia after 1991
• [Primary Source Constitution of 1993]
• [Image Russian invasion of Chechnya, 1994]
• [Image Chechen terrorist attack on school in Beslan]

2. The Resurgence of Nationalism: the Breakup of Yugoslavia
• [Image Marshal Tito]
• [Image Franjo Tudjman]
• [Image NATO propaganda sheet dropped during 1999 air attacks against Serbia]
• [Image Milosevic trial]

3. Central and Eastern Europe after 1989
• [Image Files of East German secret security police (Stasi)]