 | Learning Objectives
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Chapter 18 teaches students about:
- The basic differences and similarities between the Russian and French Revolution.
- The origins and agents of revolutionary activities under the Russian tsarist autocracy.
- The emergence of revolutionary parties and the split between the Mensheviks and the Bolsheviks.
- The limited attempts at reform and westernization in a context of increasing violence and repression leading up to the revolution of 1917.
- The fall of the tsar, the Bolsheviks' rise to power, and the ensuing civil war.
- The use of terror, first by the Bolsheviks, then by Stalin, as a means of consolidating power and eliminating dissent.
- Lenin and Trotsky's contributions to Marxist thought.
- The governing principles of the USSR and the role of the party within that entity.
- Soviet efforts to modernize the economy and Russian society.
- The social costs and effects of Soviet economic planning.
- The influence of the Third International—Comintern—on colonized regions as it promoted world revolution.
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