1 A) all members of one species in a particular location B) all autotrophs within the same environment C) a collection of different species that interact with each other in a specific location D) all the abiotic features of an environment 2 A) Climate B) The supply of inorganic and organic nutrients C) The amount of available space D) Species richness 3 A) the rate of immigration is equal to the rate of emigration B) species immigration and species extinction rates are equal C) an island is close to the mainland D) a big island is surrounded by many small islands 4 A) The size of the island does not affect the number of species found on it. B) A large island has a greater extinction rate than a small island. C) An island close to the mainland will experience more immigration than an island far away. D) The distance from the mainland does not affect community diversity. 5 A) Competition B) Predation C) Parasitism D) Mimicry 6 A) habitat B) species richness C) trophic level D) ecological niche 7 A) smaller B) larger C) the same 8 A) Character displacement B) Allows different species to coexist in the same habitat C) Less competition D) More niche overlap between species 9 A) competitive exclusion B) character displacement C) niche partitioning 10 A) character displacement B) mutualism C) ongoing interspecific competition D) parasitism 11 A) prey B) predator C) consumer 12 A) A cow feeding on some grass B) A tapeworm feeding on a dog C) A wolf feeding on an elk D) An owl feeding on a mouse 13 A) the population density of the predators increases as well, but lags slightly behind that of the prey B) the predator numbers exceed those of the prey C) predators are less likely to encounter the prey D) lack of food for the predator may cause a cycling effect 14 A) Water B) Nitrogen C) Carbon D) Phosphorus 15 A) camouflage B) warning coloration C) flocking together D) mimicry 16 A) Mimicry B) Warning coloration C) Camouflage D) Startle coloration 17 A) global warming occurs. B) the greenhouse effect is minimized. C) it is assumed that methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide levels are decreasing and water vapor is increasing. D) sea level will fall and rainfall will decrease along the coastal areas of continents and increase in the interior of the continent. 18 A) facilitation B) inhibition C) tolerance 19 A) Nitrogen fixation B) Denitrification C) Nitrification D) Assimilation 20 A) All of the energy consumed by the herbivore is available to all successive trophic levels at the same level. B) 1,500kg; 150kg; 15 kg C) 300kg; 30kg; 3kg D) 3000kg; 300kg; 30kg
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