AP Biology (Mader), 11th Edition

Chapter 33: Lymph Transport and Immunity

Learning Outcomes

33.1 Evolution of Immune Systems

1. Summarize the evidence suggesting that cellular slime molds can form a rudimentary "immune system."
2. Define PAMPs and explain how they enable many animals to identify the presence of harmful microbes.
3. Compare the types of antigens recognized by the innate versus the adaptive immune system.

33.2 Lymphatic System

1. Describe three major functions of the lymphatic system.
2. Distinguish between the roles of primary and secondary lymphoid tissues, and list examples of each.

33.3 Innate Immune Defenses

1. Define innate immunity.
2. Describe four mechanisms of innate immunity, and the major tissues, molecules, and/or cells involved.
3. Explain some specific ways that the innate immune system interacts with and influences the adaptive immune system.

33.4 Adaptive Immune Defenses

1. Compare and contrast the activities of B cells and T cells.
2. Describe the basic structure of an antibody molecule, explain the different functions of IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE.
3. Define monoclonal antibodies, and list some specific applications of this technology.
4. Discuss active and passive immune responses, giving specific examples of each.

33.5 Immune System Disorders and Adverse Reactions

1. Describe the two main types of immunodeficiency disorders, and provide examples of each.
2. Discuss the most common immunological mechanisms responsible for allergies, and how these may be treated.
3. Define autoimmune disease, and list several specific examples of these diseases.
4. Explain the types of precautions that must be taken when transplanting organs.