Hole's Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology, 12th Edition (Shier)

Chapter 8: Muscular System

Learning Outcomes

8.1 Introduction
1: List various outcomes of muscular actions.

8.2 Structure of a Skeletal Muscle
2: Identify the structures that make up a skeletal muscle.
3: Identify the major parts of a skeletal muscle fiber, and the function of each.
4: Discuss nervous stimulation of a skeletal muscle.

8.3 Skeletal Muscle Contraction
5: Identify the major events of skeletal muscle fiber contraction.
6: List the energy sources for muscle fiber contraction.
7: Describe how oxygen debt develops.
8: Describe how a muscle may become fatigued.

8.4 Muscular Responses
9: Distinguish among a twitch, recruitment, and a sustained contraction.
10: Explain how muscular contractions move body parts and help maintain posture.

8.5 Smooth Muscle
11: Distinguish between the structures and functions of multiunit smooth muscle and visceral smooth muscle.
12: Compare the contraction mechanisms of skeletal and smooth muscle fibers.

8.6 Cardiac Muscle
13: Compare the contraction mechanisms of cardiac and skeletal muscle fibers.

8.7 Skeletal Muscle Actions
14: Explain how the attachments, locations, and interactions of skeletal muscles make different movements possible.

8.8 Major Skeletal Muscles
15: Identify and locate the major skeletal muscles of each body region.
16: Identify the actions of the major skeletal muscles of each body region.