Hole's Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology, 12th Edition (Shier)

Chapter 3: Cells

Post-Test Questions

1
Thin, threadlike processes within the cytoplasm that function in various kinds of cell movement are
A)microfilaments and microtubules
B)cilia and flagella
C)centrioles
D)vesicles
2
The nucleolus is a small, dense body composed mainly of
A)RNA and protein
B)DNA
C)invaginated cytoplasm
D)chromatin
3
Chromatin fibers coil into rod-like structures known as
A)ribosomes
B)lysosomes
C)chromosomes
D)DNA
4
Passive mechanisms that transport materials across the cell membrane include all of the following except
A)diffusion
B)filtration
C)osmosis
D)endocytosis
5
The mechanism in which molecules or ions spread randomly from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration is
A)filtration
B)osmosis
C)exocytosis
D)diffusion
6
If cells swell and rupture after being placed in a solution of unknown salt concentration, the solution was __________ to the cells.
A)hypertonic
B)hypotonic
C)isotonic
7
Which of the following substances can diffuse readily through the cell membrane?
A)sodium
B)carbon dioxide
C)glucose
D)amino acids
8
Molecules such as glucose that are too large to pass through the membrane pores and are insoluble in lipids enter the cell from higher to lower concentration using
A)active transport
B)filtration
C)endocytosis
D)facilitated diffusion
9
The only substance that moves through the cell membrane during osmosis is
A)glucose
B)water
C)sodium
D)oxygen
10
Osmosis is a special case of
A)filtration
B)diffusion
C)facilitated transport
D)pinocytosis
11
Solutions with a higher osmotic pressure than body fluids are called
A)isotonic
B)hypertonic
C)hypotonic
D)hypoosmotic
12
When fluid is forced through a membrane by hydrostatic or blood pressure, the mechanism is called
A)filtration
B)facilitated diffusion
C)controlled by electrically gated channels
D)hormone mediated
13
In the process of exocytosis
A)white blood cells remove bacteria from tissue
B)fluid is brought into the cell
C)substances are released by the cell, using ATP for energy
D)receptors determine if a substance will be taken into the cell
14
Active transport requires ATP energy but passive transport does not.
A)True
B)False
15
The phase of the cell cycle in which cell contents grow and duplicate is
A)interphase
B)metaphase
C)prophase
D)telophase
16
Chromosomes first appear during
A)prophase
B)metaphase
C)anaphase
D)telophase
17
Which of the following occurs during telophase?
A)the chromosomes line up between the centrioles
B)the centrioles move toward opposite ends of the cell
C)the chromosomes are pulled toward the centrioles
D)chromosomes approach the centrioles and nuclear envelopes form
18
Which of the following series of events of mitosis is in the correct sequence?
A)telophase, anaphase, metaphase, prophase
B)prophase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase
C)anaphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase
D)prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
19
The process by which cells develop different characteristics in structure and function is called
A)maturation
B)replication
C)hybridization
D)differentiation
20
Which of the following is not a characteristic of cancer?
A)hyperplasia
B)differentiation
C)metastasis
D)invasiveness
21
What is differentiation?
A)cells break off from a cell mass and migrate to different parts of the body
B)cells specialize, by turning on some genes and turning off others
C)cells no longer know how to divide properly
D)membranes let some substances in and not others.
22
All of the structures described in the composite cell can be found in every cell regardless of function.
A)True
B)False
23
The cell membrane is a static structure that separates one cell from another.
A)True
B)False
24
Peripheral proteins are found only on the outside of the cell membrane and are not found inside the cell.
A)True
B)False
25
Ions cannot pass directly through the phospholipid bilayer and must use protein “channels” that pass through the cell membrane.
A)True
B)False
26
Nutrients are received, processed, and used in the cytoplasm of the cell.
A)True
B)False
27
Flagella are found on the free surfaces of epithelial cells; cilia are longer, more abundant, and move cells within the body.
A)True
B)False
28
Microtubules are composed of the globular protein tubulin.
A)True
B)False
29
The cytoplasm is the site of ribosome production.
A)True
B)False
30
The cell membrane is a selective barrier that controls which substances enter and leave the cell.
A)True
B)False
31
Diffusion through a membrane will occur whenever a concentration gradient exists.
A)True
B)False
32
All cells come from lineages of stem cells and progenitor cells.
A)True
B)False
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