Hole's Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology, 12th Edition (Shier)

Chapter 15: Digestive System and Nutrition

Post-Test Questions

1
The chief cells of the gastric glands secrete
A)mucus
B)hydrochloric acid
C)digestive enzymes
D)potassium chloride
2
The digestive enzyme pepsin, once secreted and activated, begins the digestion of
A)carbohydrates
B)protein
C)fats
D)vitamins
3
Complete proteins contain:
A)contain all 20 amino acids
B)contain all the essential amino acids
C)are only found in plants
D)are only found in meat
4
Which statement is incorrect concerning cholecystokinin?
A)it is a hormone.
B)it secreted by the small intestine.
C)it acts on the pancreas.
D)it increases the motility of the stomach
5
The pancreatic duct and the bile duct empty into the alimentary canal at the
A)duodenum
B)jejunum
C)ileum
D)pylorus
6
Which of the following enzymes is present in both the mouth and pancreas?
A)amylase
B)lipase
C)trypsin
D)lactase
7
Which of the following substances is (are) not usually stored in the liver?
A)vitamins A and D
B)glycogen
C)iron
D)water-soluble vitamins
8
Hepatitis A is transmitted by
A)ingestion of food contaminated by feces
B)transfusion with blood contaminated by the hepatitis virus
C)use of improperly cleaned needles
D)sexual activity
9
The function of the gallbladder is to
A)store and release bile
B)produce bile
C)activate bile
D)modify the pH of bile
10
Which of the following is a function of bile?
A)emulsification of fats
B)absorption of glucose
C)increase the solubility of amino acids
D)absorption of water-soluble vitamins
11
The velvety appearance of the lining of the small intestine is due to the presence of
A)pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
B)villi
C)mucus secreted by the small intestine
D)capillaries
12
Sucrase and maltase are enzymes important in breaking down
A)peptides
B)disaccharides
C)fats
D)nucleic acids
13
Which of the following nutrients are absorbed by the lacteals of the villi of the small intestine?
A)peptides
B)fats
C)amino acids
D)glucose
14
Choose the incorrect statement regarding the large intestine.
A)Ulcerative colitis can lead to weight loss and electrolyte imbalances.
B)Materials pass from the sigmoid colon into the rectum.
C)Digestion of any remaining carbohydrates and proteins is completed in the ascending colon.
D)Intestinal flora is important in producing vitamins K and B12.
15
Which of the following nutrients is not absorbed by the intestines?
A)fructose
B)galactose
C)glucose
D)cellulose
16
The carbohydrate form most commonly oxidized by cells as fuel is
A)fructose
B)lactose
C)glucose
D)galactose
17
Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?
A)A
B)C
C)D
D)E
18
Digestion is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods into nutrients that cell membranes can absorb.
A)True
B)False
19
Even though various regions of the alimentary canal are specialized to carry out certain functions, the structure of its wall and its innervation is similar throughout its length.
A)True
B)False
20
The lips contain muscle as well as receptors for temperature and texture.
A)True
B)False
21
Skeletal muscle makes up most of the body of the tongue.
A)True
B)False
22
The greater omentum can prevent the spread of infection in the abdominal cavity.
A)True
B)False
23
Segmentation is a strong contraction of smooth muscle that propels material in the large intestine toward the rectum.
A)True
B)False
24
The only secretion of the salivary glands is the digestive enzyme amylase.
A)True
B)False
25
All three phases of swallowing are controlled voluntarily.
A)True
B)False
26
Mucous cells of the gastric glands secrete a thick alkaline substance that coats the lining of the stomach and prevents its digestion by pepsin and hydrochloric acid.
A)True
B)False
27
Parietal cells produce and secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl).
A)True
B)False
28
Essential amino acids are those that cannot be synthesized by the body.
A)True
B)False
29
The liver contains a large right lobe and a smaller left lobe, both of which are divided into many hepatic lobules.
A)True
B)False
30
The internal and external anal sphincters have both voluntary and involuntary muscles
A)True
B)False
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