Human Genetics: Concepts and Applications (Lewis), 9th Edition

Chapter 9: DNA Structure and Replication

Practice Tests

1
Griffith identified a substance capable of transmitting infectiousness, which ____ later showed was DNA.
A)Garrod
B)Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty
C)Hershey and Chase
D)Watson and Crick
2
If Hershey and Chase had found S35 rather than P32 in progeny phages, their experiment would have demonstrated that _____.
A)proteins contain phosphorus
B)DNA contains sulfur
C)phage DNA enters the host cell
D)phage protein enters the host cell
3
If a DNA molecule contains 20% A, approximately what percentage of G is present?
A)20%
B)40%
C)30%
D)60%
4
Who was the first to discover than inborn errors of metabolism are due to enzymes?
A)Franklin
B)Watson and Crick
C)Griffith
D)Garrod
5
The first group of researchers to demonstrate that proteins are not the hereditary material were _____.
A)Watson and Crick
B)Garrod and Miescher
C)Franklin and Pauling
D)Hershey and Chase
6
Identification of DNA as a helical molecule was first shown in 1952 by _____.
A)Watson and Crick
B)Chargaff
C)Franklin
D)Hershey and Chase
7
_____ was the first to identify the chemical differences between DNA and RNA.
A)Levene
B)Garrod
C)Franklin
D)Griffith
8
The process of transformation was first identified by _____.
A)Griffith
B)Watson and Crick
C)Avery
D)Hershey and Chase
9
Which group of researchers used radioactively labeled viruses to identify the genetic material?
A)Watson and Crick
B)Avery, MacLeod and McCarty
C)Franklin and Pauling
D)Hershey and Chase
10
Which strand below would make the sequence 5' AAACGCTT 3' a double stranded DNA molecule?
A)5' TTTGCGAA 3'
B)5' GGGTATCC 3'
C)5' AAACGCTT 3'
D)5' AAGCGTTT 3'
11
The current model of DNA structure was proposed by _____.
A)Griffith
B)Chargaff
C)Avery
D)Watson and Crick
12
Energy is required to break the hydrogen bonds holding the bases together. Which pair will be the most difficult to separate?
A)A - T
B)C - G
C)A - C
D)G - T
13
If a nucleic acid is found to contain 20% A and 20% T, the molecule is probably _____.
A)single-stranded DNA
B)double-stranded DNA
C)single-stranded RNA
D)double-stranded RNA
14
The two strands in a DNA molecule are _____.
A)identical
B)complementary
C)antiparallel
D)b and c
15
Which of the following is not a component of chromatin?
A)histone proteins
B)DNA polymerase
C)RNA
D)DNA binding proteins
16
______ are the building blocks of DNA.
A)Histones
B)Proteins
C)Nucleotides
D)Phosphates
17
A ____ is a DNA-protein complex.
A)nucleosome
B)sugar-phosphate backbone
C)complementary base pair
D)nucleotide
18
Which of the following is found in a nucleotide?
A)five carbon sugar
B)nitrogenous base
C)phosphate group
D)All of the above
19
DNA replication is _____.
A)semiconservative
B)conservative
C)dispersive
D)semidispersive
20
In the Meselson and Stahl experiment, the second generation daughter molecules contained ____ DNA molecules, which was consistent with semiconservative DNA replication.
A)LL and HH
B)LH and HH
C)LL and LH
D)LL , HH, and LH
21
Enzymes called ____ catalyze the formation of covalent bonds that hold together the sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA molecule.
A)helicases
B)primases
C)RNA polymerases
D)ligases
22
Replication proceeds in a ____ to ____ direction.
A)3'; 3'
B)3'; 5'
C)5'; 3'
D)5'; 5'
23
Considering DNA replication along the template strand, what event takes place first?
A)DNA polymerase begins adding RNA nucleotides.
B)DNA polymerase begins adding DNA nucleotides.
C)Primase adds an RNA primer.
D)Primase removes the 5' phosphate.
24
The enzyme primase is required for DNA replication because ______.
A)primase breaks the hydrogen bonds holding the two strands together
B)DNA polymerase can only add bases to an existing nucleic acid strand
C)the enzyme binds small pieces of DNA together
D)the primase corrects any errors made by the DNA polymerase
25
If DNA polymerase could add bases in the 3' to 5' direction, there would be no need for _____.
A)DNA ligase
B)Okazaki fragments
C)helicase
D)PCR
26
DNA nucleotides pair via hydrogen bonds. The base thymine forms a complementary base pair with _____.
A)adenine
B)thymine
C)guanine
D)cytosine
27
____ unwinds and opens up the DNA helix during replication.
A)Primase
B)DNA polymerase
C)Helicase
D)Ligase
28
____ DNA synthesis produces Okazaki fragments on one strand of the DNA template.
A)Continuous
B)Dispersive
C)Discontinuous
D)Conservative
29
Kary Mullis invented _____, which uses DNA replication to mass-produce selected DNA sequences in the laboratory.
A)the polymerase chain reaction
B)DNA structure
C)Okazaki fragments
D)nucleosomes
30
A ____ is a DNA base with a single-ring structure, for example, cytosine and thymine.
A)purine
B)pyrimidine
C)nucleotide
D)sugar-phosphate backbone
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