Biology (Raven), 9th Edition

Chapter 51: Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

Post-Test

1
Which of the following animals have loops of Henle?
A)insects
B)fish
C)birds
D)all of these
E)none of these
2
Aquatic organisms that are hypoosmotic relative to the surrounding water tend to
A)gain water from the environment.
B)gain salt from the environment.
C)neither gain nor lose water from the environment.
D)More than one of these are correct.
E)None of these are correct.
3
Which of the following is an osmoconformer?
A)an earthworm
B)a human
C)a freshwater fish
D)a bird
E)a shark
4
The osmoregulatory organs of insects are called
A)flame cells.
B)contractile vacuoles.
C)nephrostomes.
D)collecting ducts.
E)Malpighian tubules.
5
Marine reptiles and marine birds eliminate excess salt through
A)salt glands in their heads.
B)their kidneys.
C)their general body surface.
D)their flippers and feet.
E)None of these; marine reptiles and marine birds don't eliminate excess salt.
6
The major cation in the extracellular fluids of vertebrates is
A)Cl-
B)K+
C)Na+
D)Mg++
E)Ca++
7
The more concentrated the urine an animal can produce, the longer are its
A)ureters.
B)proximal convoluted tubules.
C)distal convoluted tubules.
D)loops of Henle.
E)glomeruli.
8
How many nephrons does a typical human have?
A)2
B)20
C)about 200
D)about 20,000
E)about 2 million
9
The part of the nephron that is least permeable to water is the wall of the
A)ascending limb.
B)descending limb.
C)collecting duct.
D)proximal convoluted tubule.
E)distal convoluted tubule.
10
Which of the following would be least likely to be found in the filtrate in the nephrons?
A)plasma proteins
B)glucose and amino acids
C)water
D)urea
E)All of these are likely to be found in the filtrate.
11
The greatest amount of filtrate gets reabsorbed from what part of the nephron?
A)the loop of Henle
B)the distal convoluted tubule
C)the proximal convoluted tubule
D)the glomerulus
E)the collecting duct
12
Freshwater fish excrete
A)urea.
B)ammonia.
C)uric acid.
D)hemolymph
E)none of these.
13
Urea is formed in the
A)loop of Henle.
B)glomerulus.
C)collecting duct.
D)liver.
E)urinary bladder.
14
Filtrate moves into the proximal convoluted tubule from the
A)collecting duct.
B)Bowman's capsule.
C)distal convoluted tubule.
D)glomerulus.
E)loop of Henle.
15
The osmolality of the kidney tissue is highest
A)at the top of the renal cortex.
B)at the bottom of the renal cortex.
C)at the top of the renal medulla.
D)at the bottom of the renal medulla.
E)it is the same throughout the kidney.
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