Biology (Raven), 9th Edition

Chapter 40: Plant Defense Responses

Pre-Test

1
____________ occurs when a chemical signal secreted by the roots of one plant blocks the germination of nearby seeds or inhibits the growth of a neighboring plant.
A)Nodulation
B)Etiolation
C)Reduction
D)Allelopathy
E)The systemic response
2
Which of the following steps is NOT one of the phases of a fungal invasion of a plant?
A)Windblown fungal spores land on plant leaves.
B)Hyphae grow through cell walls and press against the cell membrane.
C)Fungal DNA is replicated by the plant cells.
D)Hyphae differentiate into specialized structures called haustoria.
E)A fungal spore germinates and forms an adhesion pad that allows it to stick to a plant's leaf.
3
Certain plant invaders, such as the alfalfa plant bug, are extremely invasive and hard to control because
A)they arrive in new locations where their natural predators are not present.
B)they tap into the xylem of a plant while seeking carbohydrates.
C)they cause the plants' axillary buds to grow out.
D)their populations evolve faster than the plants they attack.
E)because the plants' stomates to become unevenly distributed within the epidermis.
4
Evidence that black walnut trees exhibit allelopathy includes
A)the lack of vegetation growing under black walnut trees.
B)the death of hornworms that try to eat black walnut leaves.
C)the symbiotic relationship the trees have with fungi.
D)the ants that protect the trees from herbivory.
E)the morphological changes that occur in response to pathogenic attacks.
5
Plants' first line of defense against attack by pathogens is
A)the thick walls of cells within the xylem tissue.
B)the dermal tissue system.
C)the plasma membrane of the cells.
D)various secondary metabolites, such as quinine.
E)the hypersensitive response.
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