Biology (Raven), 9th Edition

Chapter 32: Overview of Animal Diversity

Post-Test

1
The following are the defining features of protostomes:
A)radial cleavage/ indeterminate development/blastopore forms anus/coelom from invagination of archenteron
B)spiral cleavage/determinate development/blastopore forms mouth/coelom from mesodermal split
C)radial cleavage/determinate development/blastopore forms mouth/coelom from mesodermal split
D)spiral cleavage/determinate development/blastopore forms anus/coelom from mesodermal split
E)spiral cleavage/indeterminate development/blastopore forms anus/coelom from mesodermal split
2
Which of these is NOT a key innovation in animal evolution:
A)The evolution of symmetry
B)The evolution of tissues, allowing specialized structures and functions
C)The evolution of a body cavity
D)The evolution of various patterns of embryonic development
E)These are all key innovations in animal evolution.
3
Recent molecular data has revealed that the phylum Porifera
A)Is monophyletic.
B)Is composed of 2 or 3 distantly related groups.
C)Is not correctly placed within the Animalia.
D)Do not share a common ancestor with animals.
E)includes jellyfish and comb jellies.
4
In the Cambrian period there was a great diversification of animal life. Which hypothesis about the origin of this diversity is supported?
A)the emergence of predatory lifestyles
B)geological and environmental factors such as the increase in dissolved oxygen in the oceans
C)the evolution of the Hox developmental gene complex which can produce rapid changes in body plan
D)they are all plausible.
E)there is no consensus on the factors involved.
5
Which of the following is the most important defining characteristic of an animal?
A)multicellularity
B)heterotrophic
C)no cell walls
D)sexual reproduction
E)all are equally important
6
Sponges differ from other animals because:
A)all are aquatic.
B)they lack true tissues, organs, and symmetry.
C)they are sessile.
D)they cannot reproduce sexually.
E)they are not heterotrophic.
7
Recent molecular data has led to a revision of the traditional classification of animal phyla. The annelids and arthropods are now moved into different clades, and the arthropods are now grouped with animals that molt, the:
A)Protozoans.
B)Ecdysoans.
C)Myszostomids.
D)Parazoa.
E)Artherozoa.
8
It is accepted that the animal kingdom is monophyletic. Which hypothesis about the origin of the metazoan is the most strongly supported?
A)The multinucleate hypothesis
B)The polyphyletic hypothesis
C)The colonial flagellate hypothesis
D)The unicellular hypothesis
E)The Cambrian explosion hypothesis
9
Which of the following is characteristic of sponges?
A)symmetry
B)sexual reproduction
C)tissues
D)organs
E)adult mobility
10
Morphology-based phylogeny focused on the state of the
A)Germ layers.
B)Hox gene.
C)Reproductive system.
D)coelom.
E)Tissue morphology.
11
Deuterostomes do NOT include
A)Chordates.
B)Ecdysozoans.
C)echinoderms.
D)sea stars.
E)sea urchins.
12
Spiralia comprise the clades
A)Lophotrochozoa.
B)Acoelomorpha.
C)Platyzoa.
D)Parazoa.
E)Lophotrochozoa and Platyzoa.
13
Arthropods are now grouped with
A)Protostomes that molt their cuticles at least once during their life.
B)Annelids.
C)Sponges.
D)Cnidarians.
E)Humans.
14
Lophotrochozoa include
A)Rotifers.
B)Platyhelminthes.
C)Annelids.
D)Mollusks.
E)Annelids and Mollusks.
15
Segmentation
A)evolved multiple times.
B)allowed for redundant systems.
C)allowed for improved locomotion.
D)allows that damage to any one segment need not be fatal because other segments duplicate the damaged segment's functions.
E)evolved multiple times, allowed for redundant systems, allowed for improved locomotion and allows that damage to any one segment need not be fatal because other segments duplicate the damaged segment's functions.
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