Biology (Raven), 9th Edition

Chapter 31: Fungi

Post-Test

1
Some endophytic fungi protect their host plants by producing
A)alkaloids.
B)celluloids.
C)ketoids.
D)saccharides.
E)histones.
2
Zygomycete hyphae are unique in that they
A)have perforated septa.
B)are monokaryotic.
C)are dikaryotic.
D)lack septa.
E)have solid septa.
3
What is it about mitosis in fungi which is distinct between them and animals?
A)They all have a dikaryon stage in which nuclei exist separately for a period after gametes fuse.
B)Chromosomes are relocated without the aid of a mitotic spindle.
C)Sister chromatids are not joined by their centromere.
D)Cells never become differentiated: all have the same morphology.
E)The spindle apparatus forms within the nuclear membrane to separate chromosomes.
4
Where does a fungus perform digestion of its food?
A)In small pits along its surface
B)Extracellularly though secretion of enzymes
C)Depending on the fungus, digestion may occur in the gills or the stipe.
D)Food is internalized using phagocytosis, and lysosomes effect intracellular digestion of particles.
E)Each of these strategies is demonstrated by various fungi.
5
What technique(s) is/are shedding light on the true evolutionary relationships between various fungal groups, allowing us to determine whether current groupings are monophyletic or not?
A)Closer investigation of sexual reproduction strategies
B)Analysis of growth habit and location
C)Evaluation of specifics for how cell division is carried out
D)They can be categorized on the types of food they can eat.
E)Molecular data show connections to recent common ancestors.
6
Chytrids demonstrate multicellular diploid and multicellular stages. This form of life cycle is called
A)haplodiplontic
B)alternation of generations
C)gametophyte / sporophyte switching
D)haplontic
E)diplontic
7
In the life cycle of zygomycetes, where might you find diploid cells?
A)Within the zygosporangium
B)In the sporangiophore
C)In the mycelium near rapidly-growing regions
D)Next to the food substrate
E)Most of the cells in zygomycetes are diploid.
8
An arbuscular mycorrhizal association is characterized by what?
A)Secretion of digestive enzymes into the soil
B)Growing on the surface of another organism in a commensal form of symbiosis
C)Using another organism to help distribute spores
D)Forming intracellular associations with plant roots
E)Fusing plasma membranes with another organism for nutrient exchange
9
The difference between the primary mycelium and secondary mycelium is
A)the primary mycelium is made of monokaryotic hyphae while the secondary consists of a dikaryotic mycelium.
B)the secondary mycelium is made of monokaryotic hyphae while the primary consists of a dikaryotic mycelium.
C)there is lignification of cell walls in a secondary but not a primary mycelium.
D)the mycelium is called "primary" if it's in its first year of growth, and "secondary" any time after the first year.
E)cells which give rise to spores are called "secondary", and vegetative cells of a mycelium are called "primary".
10
Lichens are most often combinations of ascomycetes and
A)plants.
B)cyanobacteria.
C)algae.
D)both cyanobacteria and algae.
E)all of the above
11
An emerging infectious disease of amphibians which affects their skin and leaves flask-like lesions is called
A)basidiomycosis.
B)ascomycosis.
C)deuteromycosis.
D)glomeromycosis
E)chytridiomycosis.
12
Between cells of filamentous hyphae are incomplete walls that allow cytoplasmic continuity between them and rapid growth. What is their name?
A)Partition fenestrae
B)Plasmodesmata
C)Septa
D)Phragmoplasts
E)Mycelia
13
Which basic feature is often used to assign fungi to a particular lineage, such as Glomeromycota and Zygomycota?
A)Size of spores
B)Type of food consumed
C)Mode of sexual reproduction
D)Types of tissues found in the mycelium
E)Geographic location where the fungi are found
14
In the zygomycetes, when are complete walls (septa) formed in the mycelium?
A)During periods of stress
B)Just after mitosis
C)At the conclusion of meiosis
D)In the sporangiophore supporting the sporangium
E)During the formation of gametangia or sporangia
15
Glomeromycetes must be associated with the root system of a host plant in order to survive.
A)True
B)False
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