Biology (Raven), 9th Edition

Chapter 15: Genes and How They Work

Pre-Test

1
Why are nutritional mutations particularly helpful in studying the molecular basis of heredity?
A)There are many more genes involved in nutritional enzymes than for any other genetically-encoded feature of a cell.
B)Such mutations aren't lethal because you can grow the organism on media supplemented with compounds that can't be made by the organism.
C)Genes for enzymes involved with metabolic deficiencies are more unstable than other genes and can mutate more easily.
D)Organisms which grow on minimal media have fewer genes than those which grow on more complex media.
E)Genes which encode enzymes for metabolic reactions absorb X-rays better than other nucleotide sequences.
2
How was the genetic code deciphered?
A)Synthetic mRNAs were created with known sequences, and the amino acid order created from them was determined.
B)Bacteria were "fed" mRNA from other types of cells and created enzymes they ordinarily would not have made.
C)The codon table was hypothesized by Francis Crick and experiments confirmed his ideas about how tRNA interacted with mRNA to order the amino acids.
D)Polypeptides were exposed to cell-free systems and the mRNAs which would have made them in a living cell gradually accumulated by reversing the synthesis reactions.
E)Each codon was hypothesized to encode for a particular amino acid, and subsequent experiments ruled out the incorrect hypotheses.
3
The triplet code consists of __________ bases that stand for one amino acid.
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)20
4
Transcription of part of a DNA molecule with a nucleotide sequence of AAACAACTT results in an mRNA molecule with which complementary sequence?
A)GGGAACC
B)UUUGUUGAA
C)TTTGAAGCC
D)CCCACCTCC
E)AAGTTGTTT
5
Which form of RNA is involved with processing transcripts to make mRNA by splicing or removing introns?
A)miRNA
B)siRNA
C)snRNA
D)SRP RNA
E)rRNA and tRNA together
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