The Science of Psychology: An Appreciative View, 1st Edition (King)

Chapter 7: Learning

Applied Multiple Choice questions

1
Gavin recently went deep-sea fishing with some friends. Unfortunately, Gavin was extremely seasick the entire time he was on the boat, and now when he sees boats, he feels queasy. This is an example of
A)habituation.
B)spontaneous recovery.
C)discrimination.
D)classical conditioning.
2
Gavin recently went deep-sea fishing with some friends. Unfortunately, Gavin was extremely seasick the entire time he was on the boat, and now when he sees boats, he feels queasy. In this situation, the conditioned stimulus is the
A)sea.
B)boat.
C)friend who invited Gavin.
D)nausea.
3
Bryn adopted her cat, Minnie, from the local shelter. She feeds Minnie dry food, but the previous owner fed her canned food. Every time Bryn opens her refrigerator, her new cat comes running. Bryn never gives Minnie food after she opens the refrigerator, however, so eventually Minnie stops showing up. Once in a while, though, Minnie will come running when Bryn opens the refrigerator, as if food is forthcoming. This reappearance of Minnie's old behavior is called
A)generalization.
B)extinction.
C)habituation.
D)spontaneous recovery.
4
Irinia's dog loves to go for walks, and she always puts a leash on him when they go out. The dog used to wag his tail as soon as they got outside, but now he wags his tail when she picks up the leash. The period of time in which the dog learned to associate the leash with walks is called
A)acquisition.
B)generalization.
C)habituation.
D)persistence.
5
Irinia's dog loves to go for walks, and she always puts a leash on him when they go out. The dog used to wag his tail as soon as they got outside, but now he wags his tail when she picks up the leash. In this case, what is the unconditioned stimulus?
A)Irinia
B)The leash
C)Going for a walk
D)The wagging tail
6
Sonia's mother is often busy and doesn't pay very much attention to her. When Sonia cries or screams, her mother comes over and scolds her. Though she doesn't like being scolded, Sonia prefers some attention to no attention at all. Sonia learns that when she wants her mother's attention, she should scream or cry. What kind of learning is this?
A)Operant conditioning
B)Discriminatory
C)Higher-order conditioning
D)Classical conditioning
7
Troy would like to teach his dog to play a toy piano. Since the dog is unlikely to spontaneously begin playing the piano, Troy first rewards his dog for going near the piano, then for touching the piano, then for pressing on one of the keys of the piano, and so on until the dog is able to play a simple tune. This process is called:
A)habituation.
B)adaptation.
C)generalization.
D)shaping.
8
Janice is trying to teach her dog to heel, so she buys a choke collar. Every time the dog strains on the leash, the collar restricts around his neck. When the dog drops back to walk beside her, the collar loosens up. In theory, this should cause the dog to learn to walk beside Janice. What type of consequence is this?
A)Positive reinforcement
B)Negative reinforcement
C)Aversive/positive punishment (punishment by application)
D)Response cost/negative punishment (punishment by removal)
9
Kalliyan has taken the same route home from work for years, but today the road is closed due to an accident. Kalliyan has an important work presentation that she can't miss, so she takes a back road that she knows is there but has never used. She is displaying
A)latent learning.
B)shaping.
C)instinctive drift.
D)preparedness.
10
After Meg eats hamburger for the first time, she gets sick and vomits. The next time someone asks Meg if she wants a hamburger, she feels so nauseated she actually vomits. Meg has a
A)phobia.
B)conditioned taste aversion.
C)shaped response.
D)generalization.
King: The Science of Psychology large cover image
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